Sunday, March 3, 2013

Hawaii Tops Well-Being List

Mar 2, 2013 7:00am

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Hawaii has ranked highest on a well-being survey for the fourth year in a row.(Image credit: Sasha Mordovets/Getty Images)

Lucky devils.

Hawaii has ranked highest on a well-being survey for the fourth year in a row, according to a new Gallup poll.

Weather wasn?t even a variable. On a local level, in fact, the Gallup-Healthways Well-Being Index showed that Lincoln, Neb., ranked number one, a state that doesn?t share Hawaii?s sultry breezes.

?It?s safe to say weather probably isn?t a factor there,? Bruce Middlebrooks, Healthways spokesman, told ABCNews.com.

Colorado took the runner-up position, on a slate of 50 measures that looked at factors including emotional health, work environment and access to healthcare. West Virginia placed at the bottom of the list, with Kentucky, Mississippi and Tennessee not far behind ? states with low median household incomes, said the survey, released Thursday.

Residents of Hawaii ratcheted up their happiness in 2012 compared even with a year earlier, with a score of 71.1 out of 100 compared with 70.2 in 2011.

Western, Midwestern and New England states in general ranked higher than the rest of the country, while Southern states placed in many of the lowest spots. Rankings remained mostly unchanged since 2008 when Gallup and Healthways began the survey, Gallup said.

The motivation behind the research is to help improve people?s health through awareness and pilot projects on a community level, Dr. James Pope, vice-president and chief science officer of Healthways, told ABCNews.com.

?We knew that people in the U.S. were getting more unhealthy over time and we recognized that there are differences around the country in terms of chronic disease,? Pope said.

Things might be looking up nationwide as the Affordable Care Act of 2010 gets into gear, the Gallup statement noted. The act, which requires all individuals to have health insurance or pay a fine, will make it easier for people to get treatment at no cost for everything from smoking cessation to obesity counseling.

?Certain provisions of the Affordable Care Act ? may help low-income individuals improve their wellbeing, if they aware of and take advantage of them,? Gallup said.

Massachusetts, the state with the highest percentage of residents with health insurance in the country, scored the top rank for access to ?basic necessities,? the survey noted. This category also looked at whether residents believed they had enough money for food, shelter and medicine, a safe place to exercise and access to clean water. Mississippi ranked lowest here.

Vermont wins when it comes to healthy behaviors. Residents in that state had the highest percentage of residents who ate five or more servings of fruits and vegetables at least four days per week, according to the survey, which was based on telephone interviews with 350,000 Americans. On an individual level, the survey found that doctors were typically in better health than the average person and those who ?are engaged in their work? were likely to lead healthier lifestyles.

In 2011, the index defined the happiest person in America as a tall, Asian-American male 65 or older, a resident of Hawaii who?s married with children, religious, owns a business and earns more than $120,000 a year.

It?s important to note that individuals and communities are malleable, however, said Dr. Lindsay Sears, principal investigator at Healthways. With the right policies put in place by healthcare groups and local businesses, especially, big changes can happen.

?People can really change over time,? she said. ?You might think people or even communities are the way they are, but we?ve seen from five years of research that people are able to change and sustain that change.?

A Hawaiian psychologist chalked up her native state?s top spot to a relaxing natural landscape and a local culture that prizes collectivism.

?Thank aloha spirit that?s hard to define,? June Ching, a Honolulu-based clinical psychologist, told ABCNews.com.

As Ching spoke, she was driving into a parking lot and an attendant left her booth to hand the ticket to Ching, who?couldn?t?reach it.

?A perfect example of what I mean,? said Ching, a former president of the Hawaii Psychological Association. ?[Hawaiian culture] has been composed of a lot of people with values that have to do with the family and a sense of collectivism. We?re working together.?

As for the stunning scenery, ?I love not having seasonal affective disorder because we have the sun,? Ching said. ?The sky has a different kind of blue that soothes you.?

Click here to see where your state ranks.

Highest-Ranked States

  1. Hawaii
  2. Colorado
  3. Minnesota
  4. Utah
  5. Vermont
  6. Montana
  7. Nebraska
  8. New Hampshire
  9. Iowa
  10. Massachusetts

Lowest-Ranked States

  1. Oklahoma
  2. Indiana
  3. Louisiana
  4. Ohio
  5. Alabama
  6. Arkansas
  7. Tennessee
  8. Mississippi
  9. Kentucky
  10. West Virginia

Highest-Ranked Metropolitan Areas

  1. Lincoln, Neb.
  2. Boulder, Colo.
  3. Burlington-South Burlington, Vt.
  4. Provo-Orem, Utah
  5. Fort Collins-Loveland, Colo.
  6. Barnstable Town, Mass.
  7. Honolulu, Hawaii
  8. Ann Arbor, Mich.
  9. Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, D.C., Va., Md., W. Va.
  10. San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles, Calif.

?

Source: http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/health/2013/03/02/hawaii-tops-well-being-list-for-fourth-consecutive-year/

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Saturday, March 2, 2013

Video: DPS: Sexual orientation an issue for NFL teams

Sorry, Readability was unable to parse this page for content.

Source: http://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/21134540/vp/51007511#51007511

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After Newtown, states slow to embrace new gun laws - U.S. News

By Matthew DeLuca, Staff Writer, NBC News

Months after the mass shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary School, new state-level restrictions on guns have been slow in coming, and they?ve mostly been concentrated in a handful of states that already have tough gun laws.

Meanwhile, lawmakers in at least a half-dozen other states have gone the other way, proposing and in some instances passing bills that would expand where and when a person can be in possession of a firearm.

But for residents in the vast majority of states, gun ownership looks unlikely to change much absent federal legislation.?

A person can still buy a pistol at a Nevada gun show without a background check or carry a rifle inside the New Hampshire state house, just as he or she could before Adam Lanza brought a Bushmaster .223 rifle into a Newtown, Conn., elementary school and opened fire.

?There has been activity in other states that one might not ordinarily think of -- Colorado, for example,? said Jon Vernick, co-director of the Johns Hopkins Center for Gun Policy and Research. But there remain ?the Idahos of the world, where really little has changed since Newtown.?

Gun-control advocates had high hopes that the Newtown tragedy would serve as a galvanizing moment for the country. Dan Gross, president of the Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence, said at the time that he hoped it would be a ?catalyst to demand the sensible change.?

While recent mass shootings do appear to have moved public opinion ? a recent NBC News/Wall Street Journal poll found American support for stricter gun laws at its highest level in a decade ? there has not been a rush at the state level to embrace sweeping new gun laws.

And most of the dozen or so states where significant new restrictions have been proposed already have a ?C+? rating or above from the Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence, putting them among the nation?s top states for gun control.

?Most of the viable proposals on the federal level and in most states would have very little impact on self-defense,? said UCLA law professor Eugene Volokh. ?But pretty much all the gun control proposals out there are not going to be terribly effective at combating criminals.?

In New Jersey, several lawmakers began calling for new gun laws in the immediate aftermath of the Newtown shooting, even though the state already has an A- rating from the Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence. Legislators voted a raft of bills through the Democrat-controlled state assembly on Feb. 22, including a ban on .50 caliber weapons and a 10-round magazine limit. Those bills may still be held up by a hesitant Senate and Republican governor.

?We?re going to take a hard look at the bills the Assembly did,? New Jersey Senate President Stephen Sweeney said in an interview with Philadelphia radio station 106.9FM. ?Some might be changed, some might not go through at all.?

At the same time, lawmakers in Wyoming, South Dakota, Kansas, Tennessee, Texas, and Arizona all moved to loosen their controls on firearms, in many cases thumbing their nose at prospective federal legislation.

An Arkansas bill allowing holders of concealed-carry permits to bring their gun into churches was signed into law by Governor Mike Beebe, a Democrat, on Feb. 11.

First sponsored by state Senator Bryan King, the Church Protection Act passed the state?s Republican-controlled Senate by an overwhelming majority. In Kentucky, the state Senate voted 34 to 3 on Feb. 25 to approve a bill outlawing the enforcement of federal gun laws that do not yet exist.

The most aggressive gun-control legislative action so far has come in New York, where Gov. Andrew Cuomo championed one of the nation?s toughest bans on assault weapons, the first to come in the wake of Newtown. But the state already boasted gun laws that were among the nation?s toughest.

Even in states seared by recent tragedies, lawmakers have found their progress slowed.

After Connecticut lawmakers failed to coalesce around any of the gun laws offered in the days after Newtown, Democratic Gov. Dan Malloy introduced his own proposal and vowed to shove it through.

Lawmakers are trying to forge a bipartisan consensus but they are finding it difficult. ?I would hope that we would have a broadly supported bipartisan bill, but I think it?s more important that we have a strong bill that meets the need,? said Sen. Majority Leader Martin Looney, a Democrat.

In Colorado, home of the Aurora theater shooting, House lawmakers advanced gun-control bills after some last-minute lobbying from Joe Biden, drawing the wrath of Republicans.

The bills would mandate universal background checks, ban magazines with more than 15 rounds, and allow college campuses to prohibit concealed carry. With the Senate planning to vote soon, the magazine maker Magpul Industries threatened to abandon its plant 28 miles from Denver?if the proposed magazine limit is put into law.

?Colorado is in a unique position in that we have suffered these tragedies firsthand, so there is a drumbeat in Colorado,? said Colorado Senate President John Morse, a Democrat. ?I think the governor will be in support of all of these bills once we get them to his desk.?

Passing a bill expanding gun rights can be complicated, too, as Wyoming State Representative Kendell Kroeker, a Republican, found out.

He got a bill passed in the state House of Representatives that would have made it illegal for anyone to enforce any new federal law that placed restrictions on guns, ammunition, or other firearms accessories within the borders of the state.

That bill died amid questions of its constitutionality, Kroeker said. But the response from his constituents was ?overwhelmingly positive,? he added.

Whether gun ownership changes for most Americans may come down to actions taken on the national level, as hesitant state lawmakers wait for a cue from Washington. The Senate Judiciary Committee put a one-week hold on prospective federal gun bills on Thursday.

Related:

Gun stores running low on weapons as sales surge

Anger, violent thoughts: Are you too sick to own a gun?

Source: http://usnews.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/03/02/17151151-after-newtown-states-slow-to-embrace-new-gun-laws

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BPA raises risk for childhood asthma, study finds

Mar. 1, 2013 ? Researchers at the Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health at the Mailman School of Public Health are the first to report an association between early childhood exposure to the chemical bisphenol A (BPA) and an elevated risk for asthma in young children. BPA is a component of some plastics and is found in food can liners and store receipts.

Results appear in the March edition of the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.

"Asthma prevalence has increased dramatically over the past 30 years, which suggests that some as-yet-undiscovered environmental exposures may be implicated. Our study indicates that one such exposure may be BPA," says lead author Kathleen Donohue, MD, an assistant professor of Medicine at Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons and an investigator at the Center for Children's Environmental Health.

Dr. Donohue and her co-investigators followed 568 women enrolled in the Mothers & Newborns study of environmental exposures. BPA exposure was determined by measuring levels of a BPA metabolite in urine samples taken during the third trimester of pregnancy and in the children at ages 3, 5, and 7. Physicians diagnosed asthma at ages 5 to 12 based on asthma symptoms, a pulmonary function test, and medical history. A validated questionnaire was used to evaluate wheeze.

After adjusting for secondhand smoke and other factors known to be associated with asthma, the researchers found that post-natal exposure to BPA was associated with increased risk of wheeze and asthma. BPA exposure during the third trimester of pregnancy was inversely associated with risk of wheeze at age 5. This unexpected finding is in contrast to the results of a previous study, which found that BPA exposure during the second trimester, a critical period for the development of airways and the immune system, was positively linked with risk for asthma.

Increased risk for wheeze and asthma was seen at "fairly routine, low doses of exposure to BPA," says Dr. Donohue. "Like most other scientists studying BPA, we do not see a straightforward linear dose-response relationship."

At all three time points, more than 90% of the children in the study had detectable levels of BPA metabolite in their bodies, a finding that is in line with previous research. This does not mean that they will all develop asthma, cautions Dr. Donohue. "Just as smoking increases the risk of lung cancer but not everyone who smokes gets lung cancer, not every child exposed to BPA will develop asthma."

The biological mechanism behind the BPA-asthma connection is unclear. The current study found no evidence that exposure to BPA increased the risk that the immune system would develop more antibodies to common airborne allergens. "Other possible pathways may include changes to the innate immune system, but this remains an open question," says Dr. Donohue.

The new study builds on existing evidence linking BPA exposure to respiratory symptoms, as well as to obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, and behavioral issues, among a range of health problems. In July, the Food and Drug Administration banned BPA in baby bottles and sippy cups.

"It is very important to have solid epidemiologic research like ours to give the regulators the best possible information on which to base their decisions about the safety of BPA," says senior author Robin Whyatt, DrPH, professor of Environmental Health Sciences and deputy director of the Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health.

To reduce exposure to BPA, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) recommends avoiding plastic containers numbers 3 and 7, eating less canned food, and, when possible, choosing glass, porcelain, or stainless steel containers, especially for hot food and liquids.

The study was supported by grants from the NIEHS (RC2ES018784, R01ES014393, P30ES009089, R01ES08977, and PO1ES09600), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (R827027, RD832141, and RD834509), and private foundations.

Additional authors include Rachel L. Miller, Matthew S. Perzanowski, Allan C. Just, Lori A. Hoepner, Srikesh Arunajadai, Stephen Canfield, David Resnick, Antonia M. Calafat, and Frederica P. Perera.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Kathleen M. Donohue, Rachel L. Miller, Matthew S. Perzanowski, Allan C. Just, Lori A. Hoepner, Srikesh Arunajadai, Stephen Canfield, David Resnick, Antonia M. Calafat, Frederica P. Perera, Robin M. Whyatt. Prenatal and postnatal bisphenol A exposure and asthma development among inner-city children. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2013; 131 (3): 736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.12.1573

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/most_popular/~3/m5PXXKe6_TI/130301034828.htm

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GI pleads guilty in WikiLeaks case, faces 20 years

FILE - In this June 25, 2012 file photo, Army Pfc. Bradley Manning, right, is escorted out of a courthouse in Fort Meade, Md. The Army private charged in the largest leak of classified material in U.S. history says he sent the material to WikiLeaks to enlighten the public about American foreign and military policy on Thursday, Feb. 28, 2013. (AP Photo/Patrick Semansky, File)

FILE - In this June 25, 2012 file photo, Army Pfc. Bradley Manning, right, is escorted out of a courthouse in Fort Meade, Md. The Army private charged in the largest leak of classified material in U.S. history says he sent the material to WikiLeaks to enlighten the public about American foreign and military policy on Thursday, Feb. 28, 2013. (AP Photo/Patrick Semansky, File)

FORT MEADE, Md. (AP) ? Bradley Manning, the Army private arrested in the biggest leak of classified material in U.S. history, pleaded guilty Thursday to charges that could send him to prison for 20 years, saying he was trying to expose the American military's "bloodlust" and disregard for human life in Iraq and Afghanistan.

Military prosecutors said they plan to move forward with a court-martial on 12 remaining charges against him, including aiding the enemy, which carries a potential life sentence.

"I began to become depressed at the situation we found ourselves mired in year after year. In attempting counterinsurgency operations, we became obsessed with capturing and killing human targets on lists," the 25-year-old former intelligence analyst in Baghdad told a military judge.

He added: "I wanted the public to know that not everyone living in Iraq were targets to be neutralized."

It was the first time Manning directly admitted leaking the material to the anti-secrecy website WikiLeaks and detailed the frustrations that led him to do it.

The slightly built soldier from Crescent, Okla., read from a 35-page statement through his wire-rimmed glasses for more than an hour. He spoke quickly and evenly, showing little emotion even when he described how troubled he was by what he had seen.

The judge, Col. Denise Lind, accepted his plea to 10 charges involving illegal possession or distribution of classified material. Manning was allowed to plead guilty under military regulations instead of federal espionage law, which knocked the potential sentence down from 92 years.

He will not be sentenced until his court-martial on the other charges is over.

Manning admitted sending hundreds of thousands of Iraq and Afghanistan battlefield reports, State Department diplomatic cables, other classified records and two battlefield video clips to WikiLeaks in 2009 and 2010. WikiLeaks posted some of the material, embarrassing the U.S. and its allies.

He said he was disturbed by the conduct of the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq and the way American troops treated the populace. He said he did not believe the release of the information he downloaded onto a thumb drive would harm the U.S.

"I believed that if the general public, especially the American public, had access to the information ... this could spark a domestic debate on the role of the military and our foreign policy in general," Manning said.

Manning said he was appalled by 2007 combat video of an assault by a U.S. helicopter that killed 11 men, including a Reuters news photographer. The Pentagon concluded the troops mistook the camera equipment for weapons.

"The most alarming aspect of the video to me was the seemingly delightful bloodlust the aerial weapons team happened to have," Manning said, adding that the soldiers' actions "seemed similar to a child torturing ants with a magnifying glass."

As for the State Department cables, he said they "documented backdoor deals and criminality that didn't reflect the so-called leader of the free world."

"I thought these cables were a prime example of the need for a more open diplomacy," Manning said. "I believed that these cables would not damage the United States. However, I believed these cables would be embarrassing."

The battlefield reports were the first documents Manning decided to leak. He said he sent them to WikiLeaks after contacting The Washington Post and The New York Times. He said he felt a reporter at the Post didn't take him seriously, and a message he left for news tips at the Times was not returned.

Times spokeswoman Eileen Murphy said Thursday of the purported phone call: "This is news to us."

The Obama administration has said the release of the documents threatened valuable military and diplomatic sources and strained America's relations with other governments. The administration has aggressively pursued people accused of leaking classified material, and Manning's is the highest-profile case.

Manning has been embraced by some left-leaning activists as a whistle-blowing hero whose actions exposed war crimes and helped trigger the Middle Eastern pro-democracy uprisings known as the Arab Spring in 2010. He has spent more than 1,000 days in custody.

The soldier told the court that he corresponded online with someone he believed to be WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange but never confirmed the person's identity.

WikiLeaks has been careful never to confirm or deny Manning was the source of the documents.

Reached by telephone in Britain on Thursday, Assange would not say whether he had any dealings with Manning but called him a political prisoner and said his prosecution was part of an effort by the U.S. to clamp down on criticism of its military and foreign policy.

Assange himself remains under investigation by the U.S. and has been holed up in the Ecuadorean Embassy in London for the better part of a year to avoid extradition to Sweden on sex-crimes allegations.

___

Associated Press Writer Raphael Satter in London contributed to this report.

___

Follow Ben Nuckols on Twitter at https://twitter.com/APBenNuckols

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/386c25518f464186bf7a2ac026580ce7/Article_2013-02-28-US-Manning-WikiLeaks/id-840ee0974b954dfb82ff43c0ebc2cbdb

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Friday, March 1, 2013

Health News - Gay, lesbian and bisexual survey promises new ...

What beliefs do same-sex attracted people have about the nature and origins of their sexual orientation?

James Morandini:

James Morandini: "Our nationwide study will explore how beliefs about sexual orientation are associated with the development of sexual identity and attitudes to sexual orientation."

"Surprisingly almost no research has looked at this area," says James Morandini, from the University of Sydney's Faculty of Science, who is currently inviting same-sex attracted people to undertake a survey to help bridge this gap in our knowledge.

"A lot of studies have investigated beliefs about the nature and origins of same-sex attraction held by the heterosexual community."

Only one previous study, however, undertaken in America in 2008, has looked at the beliefs same-sex attracted people have about their own sexuality. It looked at the extent to which sexual orientation was viewed as biological and fixed, as compared to socially constructed or chosen.

"Our nationwide study will extend this previous research by exploring how beliefs about sexual orientation are associated with the development of sexual identity and attitudes to sexual orientation," said Morandini.

"We are also investigating how sexual orientation beliefs are informed by popular scientific and psychological theories."

People aged over 18 who are gay, lesbian, bisexual, queer and otherwise same-sex attracted and residents of Australia are invited to participate in the online survey, which takes about 20 to 30 minutes.

"You will be asked to respond to statements regarding your beliefs about sexual orientation, your attitudes regarding your own sexual orientation, how you manage stigma, your experience of intimate relationships, and your mood and self esteem," said Morandini.

The data collected will not be personally identifiable and all aspects of the study, including results, will be strictly confidential.

"A report of the study may be submitted for publication. People taking part will be contributing to a rare academic attempt to discover the foundations of the same-sex community's beliefs about their own sexuality."

Morandini is conducting the research to complete his Doctor of Clinical Psychology/Master of Science.

Media enquiries: Verity Leatherdale, 02 9351 4312, 0403 067 342

Source: http://www.healthcanal.com/life-style-fitness/36594-Gay-lesbian-and-bisexual-survey-promises-new-insights-sexual-identity.html

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RolePlayGateway?

As threatened, I'm posting my thoughts, opinions and observations on RP here, written in a friendly and approachable Guideline format.
Of course, this is just my take on it and naturally you can take it or leave it, they aren't rules!
I hope it is useful and interesting!

Plenty of craziness to share,
- Saaki.

Character creation

Stereotype vs. Original

The characters we role-players love to create seem to be an extension of ourselves. We take bits of ourselves, from our own characteristics, our own experiences, our own wants and wishes, and with these things we create.

From my own experience creating characters, I?ve found a great way to start and things to keep in mind while creating. These are my opinions, not laws or rules, they might not even be the best ways, take from this what you want and I hope it?s interesting.

The beginning of character creation for me is finding what I want to express through the character. I never start with the skin I put my character in.

The skin you zip your character in has nothing to do with who they are.

Stereotype Example:
* A red-haired girl with glasses is a bookworm and a nerd, she gets bullied at school. She?s shy and intelligent.
* A big brute of a lad with muscles and a tendency to get into fights is thick and makes a fool of himself.

This hasn?t told you a great deal about their character.

My Example:
* Kor is anger at injustice, she wouldn?t stay quiet, she would speak up when normally people stay silent. She wouldn?t take things lying down, if push came to shove, she?d shove first and make sure they didn?t get up again.
* Raiden is insanity, not the innocent, harmless insanity, but a murderous, ?I will kill you? kind. A bestial, primitive person who cared only for survival.
* Lilin is innocence, nurture. She would do anything for anyone, even if it meant she?d get hurt. She?d help because she could, not for what she?d get in return.

In these three examples, I?ve not said a word what they look like, but already, you can tell they?re people. I could give them any skin I wanted, Lilin could be a short red haired geek, a tall beautiful willowy girl or a muscular, brutish troll.
Where as, the first examples, you could forget them easily.

Once you have a basic form, ?a male, alcoholic, trickster? you can start fleshing them out.
Pose your character basic questions and make sure they can answer it.
* Why is he an alcoholic? - Maybe he got in with the wrong crowd when he was a youth. Maybe he drowns a hidden misery in the numbness of alcohol. Maybe he doesn?t see the point in life without drink.
* Why does he trick people? - Maybe he got badly hurt once. Maybe he doesn?t feel safe. Maybe he doesn?t know how to be truthful.
Who knows, you as the creator definitely should have at least an idea!
Any of these maybes create new questions.
* If he doesn?t know how to be truthful, Why?
*If he drowns a hidden misery, What misery?
I?m sure the answers will create more questions. The more answers, the firmer and more solid your character will be, without grey areas.

Never, ever, ever do something with your character that is Out Of Character.
* Kor would never run back to pick someone up who had fallen while fleeing. She believes in survival of the fittest.
* Raiden would never willingly go into a bright light, because it triggers his mania episodes. (unless, of course, his love was going to die if he didn?t.)
* Lilin would never kill anyone. (unless it was dire self defence and she had no other choice, or an accident.)

After you know your character a little better, normally you already know their name, it just leaps out at you, often.
But, sometimes, names can be trick some, elusive things.

Think about the character and try picking out letters that suit their temperament.
Think about smooth, sharp, hard and soft letters.
It?s up to you what letters feel like, what you associate them with and what they mean to you.

Tips for character History:

Birth (How and Location)
Upbringing (How and Location)
Parents (Who? Why?)
Siblings (Who? When? Why?)

Child Characteristics and Turning Points:
Tutored / schooled (How, Location and Who?)
First time of event (Who, How, and many more questions.)
First partner, first pet, first experience of death, etc.
Occupation
Living Circumstance
Romance
Likes and Dislikes
Objectives
Motivation
Alignment (good or bad)
Attitude - Behaviour
State in Society (wealthy or poor)
Security
Family
Abilities
Mental state (positive or negative)
Physical state (Well, Ill, Fit, Unfit, Disabled, Able.)
Personality
and finally
Appearance.


Guidelines:

Fairness, Trust and Understanding.

RPing is to do with preference, how you introduce your character, how you describe them and their surroundings, if you start a scene in the fray or casual. It is based on your character, who will define everything you write:

Basics:

Speech, what character says. "Hail, friend."
Action, what character does, movement, big or small.
Emotion, what character feels.
Setting/Surrounding, what character notices, or becomes apparent in background/story line.
Thought, character thoughts. 'Why did I say that?'
- also used in telepathic-speech, 'Hey, watch out!'
Atmosphere, of character, and/or surroundings.
Cause and Effect, something happens, so what happens as a result.

The reason for these categories is that having a block of Information is often just too hard to digest and picture, our minds and imagination will always work in its proffered way. Imagination will always fill in the blanks, only needing a hint to build a picture.

I will use an example:
Flinn put the glass on his table as he sat, running his palm over the well varnished, yet scarred wood. His fingers brushed over the most recent indentation, where his knife had struck in anger last night.
He didn't exactly remember what had happened, there had been too much drink, one too many girls trying to get to him. His woman had become angry and challenged him in this room.
He didn't remember where she was, either, couldn't remember if she had left in a flood of tears, as she had so many times before, or if she lay in his bed asleep, as she did most other times.
Waking up on the sofa did have advantages, but the sore neck was bothering him greatly.
He rubbed the crick in his spine as he held the glass to his throbbing head.
'Must cut down on the drink..'
-
In that completely off the top of my head scene, I am partially describing the Surroundings, but mostly the Emotion, the Character.
A vague history and small incident has been hinted, also vaguely suggesting that this has happened before. You also see he might have a problem with drink.
As one of the things I've read about stories, the key part in a scene, is something has to Change, and that is the Catch that snags the attention of the reader. In this, you are instantly thrown into a slight dilemma, given reason to Catch, a history that also can suggest a Future, whether dark or light. Do tell me if I am wrong!
I could go into more depth about the room, thus explaining it. But, as always, the readers imagination will always fill in the blanks. So rather than specifics of where things are and how they're placed, Hint at it, make it important to the Character, because if they don't notice it, why is it even important? It can always be added later, broadening the Surroundings, clearing the Blanks in the image you build.
-
His eyes opened slowly, still hazy from his brain pounding headache. The plaster wall across the room spun out of focus, forcing his eyes to close briefly. He would have to repaint at some point, it was peeling and chipping away, with the constant violation the walls got.
"Hm." He did remember shoving her against the wall, with his body, but he couldn't remember if it had been in anger, or lust, or even both..
A chair was on its back on the crinkled carpet, he remembered falling over that, as well. But other than that, the room was sparse, only a sofa and a wash basin in the small room, beside the fridge.
He groaned in pain, closing his eyes against the afternoon light and pressing the cold glass to his head again.
'Let the hang over go soon, please..'
-
I never introduce a character with their Appearance first, because its just not interesting unless you have a feel for the characteristics inside, if you're not Caught, then it's just tedious to read 'He looked like this, and this, and this' same as 'The room looked like this, and this, and this.'


Cause and Effect
Advantage and Disadvantage:

Alternatively, RP fighting without dice.

In what I?ll call close interaction scenes I use a thing I call ?surprise calculation? or ?advantage percentages.?
The element of surprise can have a massive impact on fights, or romance scenes. The better calculated things are, the more realistic and smooth things run, often with interesting and unexpected outcomes.

Example:
A masculine male naturally have more strength than a female, making his advantage higher than hers.
Lilin 50% Eric 60%
However, taking into account the thousands of different varieties of characters, traits and the multitude of combinations created, it might not be as simple as ?he?s stronger than her.?
For instance, if he?s wounded, that puts him equal to her, or, depending how serious his wounds are, he could be at a disadvantage to her.
What if we have a barbarian woman and a thin, peaceful priest?
The more complicated the character and the situation, the more things to take into account and calculate.
However, normally it is straight forward and simple, and when thought about often enough, becomes natural, a way of assessing an RP situation.
(I expect most RPers do it naturally without realising it.)

Action Example:
Eric is sat at a desk. To grab Lilin?s hand to stop her from leaving, as he wants to do, he would have to push out of the chair and reach for her.
He is at a disadvantage. Lilin would spot his intention before he?d even begun to get out of his chair. It would give her time to react, to back away, out of his grasp.
She?s at a high advantage, she could run out the door before he?d even got around the desk.

- In any and every situation, be aware of God Emoting (also known as Power Emoting.)
God emoting is when players describe an action that takes away the ability of another player to respond or prevent it from happening.
Examples of GE:
* Tom cuts Lily?s fingers off.
* Ray stabbed and killed Mo.
Correction:
* Tom grabbed Lily?s hand and pressed it down onto the table, pulling up his knife to cleave her fingers off.
* Ray attacked Mo, stabbing at him with a knife, trying to kill him.

The difference is large, the outcome has completely and utterly changed. No player likes to be given no choice in the situation.

* Tom grabbed Lily?s hand and pressed it down onto the table, pulling up his knife to cleave her fingers off.
Lily jerked out of Tom?s grip and threw a punch at his face.
Tom?s face burst with pain as Lily?s fist connected, throwing him off balance, his knife clattered to the floor.

However, in my examples, I also gave a way around the elaborate dance of attempting and trying. With fairness, trust and understanding, you don?t have to never ever touch another character without asking. Tom did grab Lily, but that?s alright as long as it?s not changing Lily in some irreparable way.
Example:
* Jack took Sara?s jaw by his fingers and kissed her.
Rather than:
* Jack tried to take Sara?s jaw.
Sara didn?t stop him.
Jack kissed her.

The constant asking for permission sometimes gets monotonous and takes the joy out of it. It diffuses the excitement. A little surprise is always exciting! Just be cautious and know the player is okay with it. When you?re friends it doesn?t seem to matter as much, because a good punch in the arm is warning enough, but with strangers it is good to be wary.

Calculation of Advantage:
Back to calculations, to make sure it is clear and understandable.
Example:
* Damien rose from his chair as an intruder burst through into his chamber doors, brandishing a sword. He unsheathed his own and readied himself for a fight.
= Equal terms, they can both see each other, there isn?t a great element of surprise, as Damien already had his sword handy. The threat is clear, though maybe the person has a bone to pick and is using the sword as emphasis to show he means no non-sense.
* The stranger hovered at the door, light streaming in from behind, obscuring his face. With intent to kill as a hired assassin, he leapt to attack.
= Dependant on the characteristics of the characters, especially the assassin in motivations, ego and skill, this can influence the balance. There could be a dance of verbal battle before the real battle begins, perhaps to flesh out the storyline, the intent, or maybe it?s just time for business. Kill first ask later.
* Damien parried the attack, the opponents circled, looking for openings. Damien struck with an upward swing.
= The underlined selection shows a safe use of character influencing. It?s not interfering with the player?s assassin character, it is only predicting an action the assassin would probably have made anyway. Since we should know each others characters, it is safe to assume an action like that, just don?t do something out of character! If Damien?s player had made the assassin trip over the carpet, it would be a God Emote.
*The assassin blocked the attack, deflecting it with his sword. With an opening he attacked again, a slice aimed at the chest.
= Another thing to be aware of, when the attack has been attempted it is in the other players hands to decide what happens to his or her own character, especially if the hit lands and how much damage it does. If the other player does something you don?t think is fair, it should be fine to bring it to attention, like miraculously dodging a blow that should land.
With the right calculations, it shouldn?t be unfair. Although, there is always a possibility you?ve not taken something into account, like, perhaps is Damien had ghostly powers and the sword could pass straight through him.

Hope this has been interesting and helpful!
If there are any questions or requests on more information, you know where to find me!

- Saaki.

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